Introduction
Cotton is the world’s most important textile fibre, forming almost half of all textile fibres
used and it is one of the world’s most important agriculturally produced raw materials.
Throughout the world, about 1.1 billion bales (480 LB/Bale) are produced annually. Over
250 million people world-wide derive, some or all of their cash income from it. Everyone
knows that cotton is used to make variety of clothes, domestic uses and medical uses. In
India, cotton occupies eminent place among cash crops. India has made rapid strides in the
production of cotton from 2.79 million bales of 170 Kgs. each in 1947-48 to 17 million
bales in 1998-99. At present, India is not only self sufficient in its total requirement of
different quality cotton for its flourishing textile industry but also have some exportable
surplus of cotton.
The quality of cotton fibres is dependant on genetic position, conditions under which the
plant is grown, picking practices, storage practices, transportation practices, pre-cleaning
and moisture control, type and conditions of gins, setting / adjustment on gins, lint
cleaning and handling of lint from the gin stand to the press and baling practices. Out of
all these, the ginning plays a very important role in the preservation of cotton quality.In the countries where the cotton is hand picked, ginning is the first important mechanical
processing that cotton under goes from the cotton field to the textile mills or other uses
and in the countries where the mechanical harvesting of cotton is done the ginning is also
first mechanical process which separates cotton seeds from fibre by which cotton is made
useable for textile mills and other uses. Although the ginning is most important
mechanical treatment to maintain the quality of cotton, the history of ginning in India,
reveals that it is probably considered as one of the least important and neglected aspect.
By the time, the cotton enters the gin its quality in terms of fibre properties such as length,
strength, maturity and fineness has already been decided. It is only the ginning practices
and conditions at ginning factory which can maintain the quality of the cotton and the
cotton seed with a very little scope for betterment of lint quality by lint cleaning process
and baling parameters.
Cotton is the world’s most important textile fibre, forming almost half of all textile fibres
used and it is one of the world’s most important agriculturally produced raw materials.
Throughout the world, about 1.1 billion bales (480 LB/Bale) are produced annually. Over
250 million people world-wide derive, some or all of their cash income from it. Everyone
knows that cotton is used to make variety of clothes, domestic uses and medical uses. In
India, cotton occupies eminent place among cash crops. India has made rapid strides in the
production of cotton from 2.79 million bales of 170 Kgs. each in 1947-48 to 17 million
bales in 1998-99. At present, India is not only self sufficient in its total requirement of
different quality cotton for its flourishing textile industry but also have some exportable
surplus of cotton.
The quality of cotton fibres is dependant on genetic position, conditions under which the
plant is grown, picking practices, storage practices, transportation practices, pre-cleaning
and moisture control, type and conditions of gins, setting / adjustment on gins, lint
cleaning and handling of lint from the gin stand to the press and baling practices. Out of
all these, the ginning plays a very important role in the preservation of cotton quality.In the countries where the cotton is hand picked, ginning is the first important mechanical
processing that cotton under goes from the cotton field to the textile mills or other uses
and in the countries where the mechanical harvesting of cotton is done the ginning is also
first mechanical process which separates cotton seeds from fibre by which cotton is made
useable for textile mills and other uses. Although the ginning is most important
mechanical treatment to maintain the quality of cotton, the history of ginning in India,
reveals that it is probably considered as one of the least important and neglected aspect.
By the time, the cotton enters the gin its quality in terms of fibre properties such as length,
strength, maturity and fineness has already been decided. It is only the ginning practices
and conditions at ginning factory which can maintain the quality of the cotton and the
cotton seed with a very little scope for betterment of lint quality by lint cleaning process
and baling parameters.
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